SAE ARP5416 is the SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice that specifies the test methods by which the lightning protection of an aircraft is verified, and it is the companion to the document that defines the lightning environment and its waveforms. Where the environment document states what the aircraft must withstand, this one states how the demonstration is performed, covering the direct effects tests in which the standard current components are injected into representative structural and fuel system test articles, the arrangements by which attachment and exit points are represented, and the criteria by which a test article is judged to have failed, whether by puncture, by ignition of fuel vapour, by hot spot formation or by loss of structural integrity. It also covers the indirect effects tests applied to equipment and to complete systems, and the measurement of the transients induced in the aircraft wiring and of the currents distributed through the structure. The document is used in the certification of transport aircraft.